Space junk is dangerous, but it’s also an opportunity

Post-doc researcher Ben Ekman (left) and Professor Geoff Brooks (right) in the research lab
In summary
- Swinburne researchers are exploring recycling on the moon
- About 200,000kg of man-made materials rest on the lunar surface
- It would save billions of dollars and rid space of hundreds, maybe even thousands, of tons of space junk if we could recycle space debris on the moon or in orbit
Space experts estimate there are over 100 million pieces or around 8,000 tons of space debris orbiting around us, mostly consisting of satellite and rocket scraps. And not all space debris is flying around in orbit.
It is estimated that about 200,000kg of space junk rests on the lunar surface and this amount will increase with the future missions.

Swinburne researchers are investigating the technology best suited to recycling on the moon’s surface. Image credit: NASA
According to the German Start-up, Orbit Recycling, more than 150 tons of aluminium alone can be regained and recycled on the moon. This would save billions of dollars; Orbit Recycling calculated the total cost of recycled aluminium on the moon to be 150,000 euro/kg, which is a fraction of the transported material cost from the earth.
A Swinburne research group led by Professor Geoffrey Brooks, Associate Professor Boris Eisenbart and Professor Alan Duffy is focused on the recycling metals on the lunar surface, working with researchers from India, China and USA on some of the challenges of mining on the moon.
Their current work looks at the furnace technology best suited to recycling on the moon. They are looking at concentrated solar energy as a source of heat, and they have been making ceramics and metals using concentrated solar energy and regolith-like materials found on the surface of the earth to address this question.
This forms part of the Swinburne Space Technology and Industry Institute’s research interest in extraterrestrial resource processing.
Lunar recycling represents a significant challenge but is a critical issue to address. All major space organisations around the world are planning lunar missions. Now is the time to think responsibly what we leave behind in our future lunar missions, especially if we want to develop sustainable human presence on the moon.
-
Media Enquiries
Related articles

- Science
Microcombs could be key in meeting bandwidth demands for artificial intelligence and data centres
A newly-published paper shows how a kind of “optical ruler”, or frequency comb, can greatly increase bandwidth in today’s data-saturated world.

- Health
World-first intravenous psychedelic trial to treat binge eating to launch
The world-first IV-administered psychedelic trial for binge eating disorder will kick off this year at Swinburne.

- Astronomy
International team discovers the most distant spiral galaxy ever seen
Swinburne University of Technology is part of an international team that has discovered a massive, Milky Way-like spiral galaxy that formed just 1 billion years after the Big Bang, revealing an unexpectedly mature structure in the early Universe.

- Science
- University
- Sustainability
Swinburne announces Professor Joy Sumner as FACET Co-Director
Swinburne has announced Professor Joy Sumner as the new Co-Director of the Franco-Australian Centre for Energy Transition (FACET)

- Technology
- Education
- Science
- University
New Australia-India joint research institute to advance energy, communications, materials and manufacturing technologies
Swinburne University of Technology and the Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH) have launched the Swinburne-IITH Manufacturing, Materials, Energy and Communication Technologies (SIMMECT) Joint Research Institute, to drive impactful research and global collaboration on major technology challenges.
-
- Science
Microcombs could be key in meeting bandwidth demands for artificial intelligence and data centres
A newly-published paper shows how a kind of “optical ruler”, or frequency comb, can greatly increase bandwidth in today’s data-saturated world.
Thursday 08 May 2025 -
- Health
World-first intravenous psychedelic trial to treat binge eating to launch
The world-first IV-administered psychedelic trial for binge eating disorder will kick off this year at Swinburne.
Thursday 10 April 2025 -
- Astronomy
International team discovers the most distant spiral galaxy ever seen
Swinburne University of Technology is part of an international team that has discovered a massive, Milky Way-like spiral galaxy that formed just 1 billion years after the Big Bang, revealing an unexpectedly mature structure in the early Universe.
Thursday 17 April 2025 -
- Science
- University
- Sustainability
Swinburne announces Professor Joy Sumner as FACET Co-Director
Swinburne has announced Professor Joy Sumner as the new Co-Director of the Franco-Australian Centre for Energy Transition (FACET)
Monday 28 April 2025 -
- Technology
- Education
- Science
- University
New Australia-India joint research institute to advance energy, communications, materials and manufacturing technologies
Swinburne University of Technology and the Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH) have launched the Swinburne-IITH Manufacturing, Materials, Energy and Communication Technologies (SIMMECT) Joint Research Institute, to drive impactful research and global collaboration on major technology challenges.
Monday 03 March 2025